Examine individual changes

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And why has this advantage gotten larger in the past? We only have partial evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to support an unambiguous conclusion. While we are aware that there are biological, behavioral and environmental variables that play an integral role in the longevity of women over males, it isn't clear how much each one contributes.<br><br>We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But it is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in [https://www.europeana.eu/portal/search?query=rich%20countries rich countries] the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.<br><br>Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men<br>The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for [https://glorynote.com/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84/ تحاميل مهبلية] longer than her older brother.<br><br>This chart shows that, although women have an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries are often significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan, the difference is only half a year.<br><br>__S.17__<br>__S.19__<br>In rich countries the longevity advantage for women was not as great.<br>Let's now look at how the female advantage in terms of longevity has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two points stand out.<br><br>There is an upward trend. Both genders in America have longer lives than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.<br><br>Second, there's an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be quite small however, it has increased significantly in the past century.<br><br>You can check if these principles are also applicable to other countries with data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.