Examine individual changes

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And how the advantage has grown over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to draw an absolute conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly how much the influence of each one of these [https://www.martindale.com/Results.aspx?ft=2&frm=freesearch&lfd=Y&afs=factors factors] is.<br><br>Independently of the exact amount, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام ([https://glorynote.com/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%85%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84/ funny post]) we can say that at least a portion of the reason why women live longer than men do today but not in the past, is to relate to the fact that several fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.<br><br>Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men<br>The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from any country can expect to live longer than her brother.<br><br>The chart above shows that while the female advantage exists in all countries, cross-country differences are large. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the gap is just half each year.<br><br>__S.17__<br>__S.19__<br>In rich countries the female advantage in longevity was smaller<br>Let's look at how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The next chart shows the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.<br><br>First, there's an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US live much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.<br><br>Second, the gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be very small It has significantly increased in the past.<br><br>When you click on the option "Change country by country' in the chart, verify that these two points also apply to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.